Trend analysis of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014, so as to provide the evidence for formulating“The thirteenth five year”schistosomiasis control plan. Methods The information for schistosomiasis control and the data of the endemic surveillance of schistosomiasis were collected and analyzed for the chang?es of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014. Results The Oncomelania hupensis snail areas presented on a rising trend,and reached to the largest area with about 3.1 billon m2 in 2011. However,the snail areas decreased from 2012,and reduced by 10.55%in 2012 compared with the areas in 2011,and reduced to the lowest level in 2014 in recent 10 years. The density of living snails presented a fluctuation situation from 2004 to 2008,and on a decreasing trend from 2008, and the density of living snails was below 1 snail/0.1 m2 after 2011. The infection rate of snails remained stagnant state from 2004 to 2011,and decreased rapidly in 2012,and no schistosome infected snails were found in 2013 and 2014. The schistosome in?fection rate of residents decreased gradually,and the number of acute schistosomiasis was under 50 cases with scattered distribu?tion after 2006,and no acute cases occurred in 2013 and 2014. The infection rate of livestock was above 1%from 2004 to 2011, and reduced to 0.55%in 2012,and it was the first time that the infection rate of livestock was lower than that of residents in the same year in 2014. The progress for achieving the goal of schistosomiasis transmission control accelerated after 2011,and the number of counties that reached the standard of schistosomiasis transmission controlled from 2012 to 2014 was 4,9 and 14 and the number of townships was 33,76 and 32,respectively. Conclusion Schistosomiasis control has achieved remarkable effec?tiveness in Anhui Province,but there still exists hard work to consolidate the achievement and reach schistosomiasis transmis?sion interrupted.

Relationship between distribution of infected snails and transmission of acute schistosomiasis in hilly regions / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between the distribution of infected snails and transmission of acute schistosomiasis in hilly regions.Methods The data concerning the distribution of the infected snails and acute schistosomiasis in Shitai County,Anhui Province from 1999 to 2008 were collected and analyzed.Results The sehistosome infection rate of human increased as the distance between the settings with infected snails and activity sites of humans shortened.Conclusions Acute infection of schistosome of human is associated with the distance between the settings with infected snails and activity sites of them.Strengthening the measures of snail control in key regions,protecting key populations and carrying out health education for schistosomiasis control are important approaches to control the transmission of acute schistosomiasis in hilly regions.

Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in epileptogenic zone localization / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in epileptogenic zone localization.Methods Tirty-two patients with epilepsies were studied with interictal 18F-FDG PET/CT cerebral imaging,and all of them had scalp EEG,CT or MRI results for comparision.Results The sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CT was 90.6%,27 patients(84.5%) showed focal hypometabolism,2 patients(6.3%) showed focal hypermetabolism and rest 3 patients(9.4%) had negative result.The sensitivity of EEG was 65.6%(21/32),the sensitivity of CT and MRI was 31.0%(10/32).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT was a sensitive and accurate image modality in the localization of epileptic foci.

Effect of schistosomiasis control by synthetic measures with emphasis on infection source control / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect on schistosomiasis control by implementing the synthetic measures with emphasis on infection source control.Methods Ten higher endemic villages in 10 counties were chosen to implement the measures of " replacing cattle with machines", "rearing domestic animals in pens", "safely treating night-soil or building methane-generating pits".In these villages, all cattle should be eliminated, other livestock be reared in pens, and all households be supplied with sanitary lavatories that could safely treat night-soil, or with methane-generating pits, and safe water. Results After 1 year of implementing the project, the number of cattle, sheep, pigs and dogs in 10 villages reduced by 92.7%,70.8%,14.3% and 20.2%, respectively, 76.0% of households had sanitary lavatories or methane-generating pits, 75.9% of households had safe water supply, all the remaining pigs were reared in pens, and the schistosome infection rate of residents reduced by 75.8%, the infection rate of cattle reduced by 79.8%, the density of infected snails reduced by 75.0% and the infection rate of snails reduced by 60.0%, respectively. Conclusion The synthetic measures with emphasis on infection source control are effective in schistosomiasis control.

Distribution of schistosome infected snails in Anhui Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the current distribution of infected snails in Anhui Province.Methods The data of snail survey were collected,the database was set up and the position of environments of infected snails were determined with GPS,the E-map was established with ArcGis 9.1 and the distribution of infected snail was analyzed.Results In 2007,331 environments with infected snails were found in Anhui Province,and 62.5% of them were found in the lake regions and 37.5% in the mountainous areas.The infected snail habitat areas were 682.6 hm2,85.5% of them were distributed in the lake regions and 14.5% in the mountainous areas.The river beach and the canal were the main environments with infected snails in the lake regions and mountainous areas,respectively;and 97.2% of the environments with infected snail were distributed in the infection-uncontrolled villages or villages which reached the criteria of infection control of schistosomiasis.Grassland was the main vegetation with infected snails,and the second was the reeds and trees.Conclusions The current endemic situation of the infection-uncontrolled villages or villages which reached the criteria of infection control of schistosomiasis is severe and should be emphasized for schistosomiasis prevention and control.The distribution of infected snail is connected with the river system.In the lake regions,the infected snails are distributed over the bottomlands of the Yangtze River and tributaries and islets and lakes;in the mountainous areas,the infected snails are distributed in the rivers banks and irrigated areas or special environments.

Establishment of management information system of acute schistosomiasis in Anhui Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To establish the management information system of acute schistosomiasis in order to make the information management more efficient in Anhui Province.Methods The information of acute schistosomiasis cases in Anhui Province from 2001 to 2006 was collected,and Visual Foxpro 6.0 was used to develop the management information system for acute schistosomiasis in Anhui Province.Results The endemic status and distribution of acute schistosomiasis were able to be more rapidly analyzed.The system,with a friendly interface,was operated easily.The endemic situation of acute schistosomiasis was reflected in precise and timely.Conclusion The management information system of acute schistosomiasis could offer the scientific evidence for acute schistosomiasis control in Anhui Province.